🇧🇷 Portuguese Pronunciation
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💡 Portuguese Pronunciation Tips
🎤 Nasal Vowels
Portuguese uses nasal vowels and distinctive nasal consonants.
🗣️ R Sounds
Brazilian Portuguese "r" is guttural, different from Spanish.
📝 Daily Practice
Practice with native speakers to master rhythm.
Brazilian Portuguese: what to expect
Portuguese has a larger vowel inventory than Spanish and a set of nasal vowels that English lacks entirely. It is also a language where unstressed vowels reduce substantially, which makes it sound quite different from Spanish despite the close relationship on paper. The notes below describe Brazilian Portuguese; European Portuguese reduces vowels even more heavily.
The rules that change the most words
- Final unstressed o is
/u/. Obrigado ends in an oo sound; domingo is/doˈmĩɡu/. This single rule affects thousands of words. - Final unstressed e is
/i/. Noite sounds like NOY-chee, cidade like see-DAH-jee. - de and te become
/dʒi/and/tʃi/. This follows from the rule above: once the e is an i, the consonant palatalises. Verdade ends in -jee, gente in -chee. - Word-initial and doubled r is
/h/. Rio begins with an English h sound, and carro has one in the middle. A single r between vowels is a tap: caro. - Final -l becomes
/w/. Brasil ends in a w sound, and Portugal likewise. - lh and nh are single palatal sounds: filho, manhã.
Nasal vowels
Portuguese nasalises vowels marked with a tilde (ã, õ) and vowels before m or n at the end of a syllable. As in French, the nasal consonant itself is not pronounced — the vowel carries the nasality.
- não
/nɐ̃w̃/— a nasal diphthong, the most characteristic sound in the language - mãe
/mɐ̃j̃/, pão/pɐ̃w̃/, irmão/iʁˈmɐ̃w̃/ - bem
/bẽj̃/, sim/sĩ/, bom/bõ/
Open and closed vowels
Portuguese distinguishes open and closed e and o, and the difference can change meaning. The
written accents tell you which: é and ó are open (/ɛ/, /ɔ/), while
ê and ô are closed (/e/, /o/). Compare avô (grandfather) with
avó (grandmother) — a distinction that matters in ordinary conversation.
Stress
The default is the second-to-last syllable. Words ending in -i, -u, -l, -r, -z or a nasal diphthong take stress on the last syllable instead. Anything that breaks these patterns carries a written accent, so like Spanish, Portuguese stress is fully predictable from the written form.
In-depth Portuguese guides
Each guide covers one part of the sound system in detail, with audio examples and a practice drill.
- Brazilian Portuguese Pronunciation: A Complete Guide for English Speakers
- Portuguese Nasal Vowels: How to Say ÃO, ÃE, EM and IM
- Open and Closed E and O in Portuguese: Avó vs Avô
- Why Brazilians Say "Tchi" and "Dji": T and D Before I
- Portuguese R Sounds: Caro, Carro, Rato and the Brazilian H
- Brazilian Portuguese Vowel Reduction and the Final L
- Portuguese LH, NH, X, CH and Other Tricky Letters
- European vs Brazilian Portuguese Pronunciation: What Changes
- Tool: Foreign Language Number Pronouncer
- Tool: Multilingual Dictation Trainer